The lining of the lips, mouth, or upper throat can develop cancer, which is known as oral cancer or mouth cancer. In the mouth, it often begins as a painless white area that thickens, turns red in spots, develops into an ulcer, and keeps getting worse. It often appears on the lips as a slow-growing, persistent crusting ulcer that does not heal. Other signs and symptoms might be swallowing that is unpleasant or difficult, new lumps or bumps in the neck, a mouth swelling, or numbness in the lips or mouth. Alcohol and cigarette usage are risk factors. The risk of oral cancer is 15 times higher in those who use both alcohol and cigarettes than in people who do not. HPV infection is one of the additional risk factors chewing paan, and sun exposure on the lower lip. Oral cancer is a subgroup of head and neck cancers.
Title : Spillover at the edge: Mapping zoonotic disease risk in the wildland-urban interface
Roman Sharnuud, University of Tennessee, United States
Title : AI for good? Expanding our understanding of opinion leaders in a changing digital landscape
Amelia Burke Garcia, NORC at the University of Chicago, United States
Title : Confidence as care: Empowering under represented voices in public health leadership and community engagement
Sheena Yap Chan, The Tao of Self-Confidence, Canada
Title : Redefining eHealth literacy for the digital age: A scoping review to advance equity, engagement, and behaviour change
Comfort Sanuade, Concordia University, Canada
Title : Innovative approaches in public health leadership: Empowering communities for resilient health systems
Mohammad Kamal Hussain, Umm Al-Qura University, Saudi Arabia
Title : Assessing human exposure to key chemical carcinogens diagnostic approaches and interpretation
Vladan Radosavljevic, Military Medical Academy, Serbia