The World Health Assembly first adopted the International Health Regulations (IHR) in 1969, and the most recent revision was made in 2005. The IHR is a set of legally binding guidelines that is only applicable to the WHO and is intended to foster international cooperation in order to "prevent, protect against, control, and provide a public health response to the international spread of disease in ways that are commensurate with and limited to public health risks and that avoid unnecessary interference with in The World Health Organization (WHO) is the only organisation mandated by an international legal treaty to serve as the primary worldwide surveillance system. Following the SARS pandemic in 2002–2004, many modifications were made to the 1969-era updated IHRs in 2005.






Title : Eliminating implant failure in humans with nanomaterials: 30,000 cases and counting
Thomas J Webster, Brown University, United States
Title : Adoption of Personalized and Precision Medicine (PPM)-guided resources in addressing national biosafety: A green light towards innovations to secure individualized, population, regional and planetary health through personalized nutrition and precision foodomics
Sergey Suchkov, N.D. Zelinskii Institute for Organic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Russian Federation