Bipolar Disorders

A mental illness called bipolar disorder, formerly known as manic depression, is characterised by cycles of melancholy and excessively high mood that can last anywhere from days to weeks at a time. Mania is the name for an elevated mood that is extreme or linked to psychosis; hypomania is the name for one that is less severe. Mania is a condition in which a person exhibits unusually euphoric, cheerful, or irritated behaviour or feelings and frequently acts impulsively without carefully considering the implications. During manic episodes, the need for sleep is often decreased. The person may cry, have a pessimistic attitude on life, and make poor eye contact with others while depressed. There is a substantial risk of suicide; over a with bipolar illness committed themselves, while 30–40% hurt themselves. Bipolar disease is 20-year period, 6% of people frequently linked to other mental health conditions, such as anxiety disorders and substance use disorders. Although the exact origins of this mood illness are unknown, it is believed that both hereditary and environmental factors are involved. The condition may occur as a result of several genes, each of which has very minor impact. About 70–90% of the chance of having bipolar disorder is influenced by genetic factors. Long-term stress and a history of child abuse are environmental risk factors. If there has been at least one manic episode—with or without depressed episodes—the disease is categorised as bipolar I disorder, and as bipolar II disorder if there has been at least one hypomanic episode—but no complete manic episodes—and one major depressive episode. When hypomanic episodes coexist with depressive episodes that don't match the standards for severe depressive episodes, the condition is referred to as cyclothymia. Bipolar disorder is not diagnosed if these symptoms are brought on by medications or health issues. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, personality disorders, schizophrenia, substance use disorder, as well as many other medical conditions, are additional conditions that share symptoms with bipolar disorder.