Title : The importance of physical activity in promoting public health: A lever for innovation and equity
Abstract:
Physical activity (PA) plays a pivotal role in promoting public health, serving as a catalyst for innovation and equity. This systematic review aims to analyze the impact of PA on population health, while identifying innovative strategies that enhance equitable access to physical activity. A comprehensive literature search was conducted across major academic databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science) to identify empirical studies published between 2000 and 2024 that examine the effects of PA on various health indicators, within the framework of public health equity and innovation. Inclusion criteria encompassed experimental, longitudinal, and qualitative studies assessing the influence of PA on physical, mental, and social health outcomes. The findings indicate that PA significantly contributes to the prevention of chronic diseases, improvement of mental health, and enhancement of overall quality of life. Effective strategies include the implementation of active public policies, promotion of PA in underserved communities, and the use of community-based and technological innovations. These approaches have shown potential in reducing social health disparities. Nonetheless, several challenges persist, such as unequal access to resources, lack of awareness, inadequate infrastructure, and limited intersectoral coordination. This review highlights the necessity of recognizing PA as a strategic tool for public health, requiring integrated, cross-sectoral, and inclusive approaches. Continued efforts are essential to expand access to PA and ensure that all populations, regardless of their socio-economic status, have equitable opportunities to benefit from its positive health impacts.
Keywords: Physical activity, public health, Health promotion, Health equity
