Title : Falls and osteoporosis in older adults: Prevalence and interventions in a Mexican community, Xochitepec Morelos
Abstract:
Introduction: Falls and osteoporosis are significant concerns in older adults, often leading to increased morbidity and mortality. These conditions are frequently interrelated with other geriatric syndromes, such as sarcopenia, incontinence, and dementia, forming a cycle of functional decline that can be challenging to interrupt. Understanding these interactions is essential to develop effective preventive strategies and improve the quality of life in aging populations. We aimed to analyze the relationship between falls and osteoporosis in older adults, identify associated geriatric syndromes, and propose interventions to improve quality of life.
Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Xochitepec, Morelos, Mexico, involving 306 older adults between January and August 2022. Data were collected through a survey focused on the geriatric syndrome of stability and falls (SIGEC). The survey included information on mobility, history of falls, fractures, oral health, and associated conditions like sarcopenia, incontinence, and dementia.
Results: Among the participants, 49 (16.01%) reported being unable to move without assistance. A total of 121 (39.54%) experienced falls in the past year, with 91 (29.74%) reporting 1–3 falls, 27 (8.82%) reporting 4–8 falls, and 4 (1.31%) experiencing more than 8 falls. Additionally, 45 (14.71%) reported a bone fracture in the past two years. Poor oral health was common, with 137 (44.77%) having lost all natural teeth and 109 (35.62%) using dental prosthetics.
Conclusion: Falls and osteoporosis create a cycle of deterioration in older adults, often interlinked with other geriatric syndromes. In response, the municipality of Xochitepec has implemented activities focused on muscle strengthening, balance training, and cultural, artistic, and recreational initiatives to address SIGEC and its consequences. Osteoporosis, a global public health issue, must be prevented before older adulthood to mitigate its impact.
