Non-communicable disease risk assessment among adults aged ≥30 years in an urban field practice area using the community-based assessment checklist: A cross-sectional study

Background: Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) are a public health concern in India, driven by behavioural and biological risk factors. Community-based risk assessment facilitates early identification of individuals at increased risk and supports targeted prevention. 

Objectives: To assess NCD risk among adults aged ≥30 years in the urban field practice area of Basaveshwara Medical College and Hospital, Chitradurga, using the Community-Based Assessment Checklist (CBAC). 

Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 150 adults aged ≥30 years, recruited consecutively through door-to-door visits. Individuals with known NCDs, disabilities, pregnancy, or severe illness were excluded. Socio-demographic characteristics and NCD risk factors were assessed using a structured proforma and the CBAC tool. Anthropometric measurements and blood pressure were recorded. A CBAC score >4 was considered indicative of high NCD risk. Data were analysed using SPSS. Associations were assessed using the Chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test, as appropriate. A p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. 

Results: Among 150 participants, 58.7% were aged 30–39 years and 52% were female. Most participants (62.7%) reported <150 minutes of physical activity weekly. Normal blood pressure was observed in 39.3%, while 20.0% were obese. Overall, 68.7% had high NCD risk based on CBAC. High NCD risk was significantly associated with age, gender, tobacco use, family history of NCDs, and waist circumference (p<0.05). Higher blood pressure and increased BMI were also significantly associated with high NCD risk (p<0.05). 

Conclusion: Overall, a substantial proportion had high NCD risk based on CBAC. Strengthening community-based risk assessment, lifestyle modification, health education, screening, and referral may contribute to early detection and prevention of NCDs. 

Keywords: Non-Communicable Diseases; Community-Based Assessment Checklist; CBAC; Urban Health; NCD Risk; Cross-Sectional Study.

Deepika N is an MD and DNB-qualified specialist in Community Medicine, with over seven years of experience in public health, community-based research, preventive medicine, and medical education. She is currently serving as Faculty in the Department of Community Medicine at Basaveshwara Medical College and Hospital, Chitradurga, Karnataka. Her academic and research interests include noncommunicable diseases, occupational health, women’s health, mental health, community-based risk assessment, and health promotion. She has contributed to peer-reviewed research on occupational stress, housing conditions, menopause, infertility, and community health. She is committed to evidence-based public health practice, research, teaching, and strengthening preventive healthcare.