Non-communicable disease risk assessment among adults aged ≥30 years in an urban field practice area using the community-based assessment checklist: A cross-sectional study

Background: Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) are a public health concern in India, driven by behavioural and biological risk factors. Community-based risk assessment facilitates early identification of individuals at increased risk and supports targeted prevention. 

Objectives: To assess NCD risk among adults aged ≥30 years in the urban field practice area of Basaveshwara Medical College and Hospital, Chitradurga, using the Community-Based Assessment Checklist (CBAC). 

Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 150 adults aged ≥30 years, recruited consecutively through door-to-door visits. Individuals with known NCDs, disabilities, pregnancy, or severe illness were excluded. Socio-demographic characteristics and NCD risk factors were assessed using a structured proforma and the CBAC tool. Anthropometric measurements and blood pressure were recorded. A CBAC score >4 was considered indicative of high NCD risk. Data were analysed using SPSS. Associations were assessed using the Chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test, as appropriate. A p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. 

Results: Among 150 participants, 58.7% were aged 30–39 years and 52% were female. Most participants (62.7%) reported <150 minutes of physical activity weekly. Normal blood pressure was observed in 39.3%, while 20.0% were obese. Overall, 68.7% had high NCD risk based on CBAC. High NCD risk was significantly associated with age, gender, tobacco use, family history of NCDs, and waist circumference (p<0.05). Higher blood pressure and increased BMI were also significantly associated with high NCD risk (p<0.05). 

Conclusion: Overall, a substantial proportion had high NCD risk based on CBAC. Strengthening community-based risk assessment, lifestyle modification, health education, screening, and referral may contribute to early detection and prevention of NCDs. 

Keywords: Non-Communicable Diseases; Community-Based Assessment Checklist; CBAC; Urban Health; NCD Risk; Cross-Sectional Study.